Optimum Nutrition for the Aging Brain By: Michael Colgan, Ph.D

For the first time in history, over 1,000 scientists in the 130 universities involved in the Human Brain Project, have accurately counted the neurons in the brain. It is much, much higher than we thought, at least 89 billion neurons. It shows why even the best super-computers, such as IBM’s Deep Blue chess-playing computer, which is equivalent to about 200 million brain cells, still have less than one-millionth the power of the human brain.

With such a magnificent machine operating every single activity of your mind and body, it makes good sense to nurture it every day. Yet most of us seem to take our brain for granted, and take less care of it than we do of our teeth. Not a wise strategy because, during aging, the adult brain suffers changes that impair cognition, caused primarily by oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Recent controlled research on people aged 35 and above, documents progressive declines in memory, learning, attention, and decision making. Balance and motor movement also decline.

These findings from recent research are so strong that, in April 2011, the US National Institutes of Health made its first revision in 27 years to the criteria for cognitive impairment, stating that it is not a condition that occurs only in the elderly, but is a progressive decline of brain function that begins decades before it shows. Official intervention has now changed its focus to optimizing health lifelong.Brain Imaging Links Cell Loss to Cognitive Decline

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the human brain confirms cell losses in discrete areas of the brain (illustrated above) that accompany specific cognitive impairments. Especially relevant are cell losses in the prefrontal cortex, a crucial area for attention, decision making, and working memory. New research shows that the integrity of the pre-frontal cortex is highly dependent on its neurochemical environment, especially its nutrition and oxygenation.

Linked to the prefrontal cortex by multiple networks of neurons is the hippocampus, whose neurons produce the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, essential for the formation of new memories.  Neurotransmitters are chemicals made in the neurons that transfer information from neuron to neuron.  When cells that produce a particular neurotransmitter die, the neurotransmitter flow declines, and the flow of information ceases. As acetylcholine declines with aging, formation of new memories becomes progressively more difficult.

Also linked to the prefrontal cortex, and to the motor cortex behind it, is the substantia nigra (black body), whose neurons produce the neurotransmitter dopamine, critical for attention, decision making, working memory, balance, and motor movement. Loss of dopamine cells with aging results in declines in all these cognitive functions.

Optimizing Brain Nutrition

In collaboration with Isagenix scientists, my research has focussed on brain nutrition.  We reviewed more than 1,000 recent animal studies and human clinical trials that have identified a number of individual nutrients that support different parts of brain function. A few of these trials have found combinations of nutrients that work synergistically.  That is, combining the nutrients multiplies their power to support brain function beyond the use of individual nutrients alone.

Unlike other companies, who have focussed on one or two individual nutrients to support one or two brain functions, we have sought the best synergistic combinations.  From the most significant research we have devised synergistic combinations of eight nutrients to provide potent and wide ranging support of the multiple brain structures and functions discussed above.

We have completed 60-day pilot clinical trials on normal human subjects with the best three formulations we could devise.  Using standardized tests of mental focus, concentration, decision making, and memory, all three trials showed positive effects.  One formulation proved slightly better, and we selected that as the basis of the new Isagenix Brain Support. It is designed to provide optimum brain nutrition.  It is also specifically designed to complement IsaLean Shakes, Ageless Essentials with Product B, and the new Isagenix Sleep Support. There is no other product comparable to Isagenix Brain Support available anywhere.

For more information about this topic and other health and wealth related topics use the following websites:

www.facebook.com/health2money
www.isafun.com
www.billionsisagenix.com
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www.weightlossbydetox.com

About Dr. Colgan

Dr. Michael Colgan is a world-renowned research scientist, leading expert in the inhibition of aging, and a member of the Isagenix Science Advisory Board. Dr. Colgan has provided nutrition, training and anti-aging programs to more than 11,000 athletes, including many Olympians. He is director of his eponymous Colgan Institute, a consulting, educational and research facility concerned with the effects of nutrition and exercise on athletic performance, along with prevention of chronic degenerative disease, and prevention of degeneration of the brain.

Should Different Athletes Consume Protein Differently?

 Do I need more protein if I’m a bodybuilder? Do I need less protein if I’m a marathon runner? These are valid questions, as athletes participating in various activities manipulate their intakes of carbohydrates, fat, and protein differently to achieve their goals. The simple answer is that protein is key in optimizing the performance of all types of athletes and anyone who exercises, offering numerous advantages when consumed at levels above the recommended daily allowance (RDA). Some studies even show that athletes can benefit from as much as twice the RDA (1).

 

Athletes can be categorized into three main groups based on the goals associated with their chosen activities: endurance athletes, high-intensity athletes, and strength athletes. Endurance athletes include those who participate in activities requiring stamina, such as distance runners, swimmers, cyclists, and triathletes. High-intensity athletes compete in activities that require short, intense bursts of energy focusing on technique, lasting from seconds to only a few minutes. Such athletes include sprinters, volleyball players, and gymnasts. Like high-intensity athletes, strength athletes also engage in activities that require short bursts of energy. However, their primary goal is to attain strength and muscle mass rather than honing a sport-specific skill. The term strength athlete is synonymous with bodybuilder. 

Protein has been shown to boost performance among the three categories of athletes in the following ways:

1. Endurance Athletes 

Endurance athletes engage in low to medium intensity activities that elevate the heart rate for prolonged periods. To generate the energy needed to sustain low intensity exercise over a long duration, the body mainly uses the aerobic system—a system relying on the cardiovascular system to supply oxygen to the muscle. Improving endurance in athletes demands optimizing aerobic energy production, improving cardiovascular fitness, and maximizing the ability of muscle fibers to contract. 

Historically, much more attention has been paid to carbohydrates in maximizing endurance than protein. “Carb-loading” is a popular dietary strategy used by endurance athletes to improve performance, and involves eating foods high in starch prior to events in an effort to maximize muscle glycogen. Glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrate that can be used by the aerobic system to supply muscles with energy. With importance placed on carbohydrate consumption in endurance activities, protein is often pushed to the wayside. Many myths regarding protein intake have circulated among endurance athletes, such as the idea that high protein intake will cause bulky muscle gains that hinder efficiency, or that high protein intake is of greater relevance to strength athletes. 

However, strength and endurance athletes each have similar protein needs, with the only difference being how the body uses the protein in relation to different training regimens. While the protein consumed by strength athletes is primarily used to build muscle, it is used by endurance athletes for muscle repair and other functions related to the effects of prolonged training. Because protein improves endurance performance in a variety of ways, false beliefs resulting in low protein intake are detrimental to the athlete. 

2. High-intensity Athletes

High-intensity athletes seek to perfect technique and train their muscles to perform the powerful functional movements necessary to their sport. They engage in activity that consists of repeated bouts of short intense exercise. Such activity draws on the anaerobic system to make energy. 

In contrast to the aerobic system, the anaerobic system is able to make muscle energy in the absence of oxygen. Although this system is able to rapidly produce the energy needed to drive intense bursts of activity, it cannot be relied upon for extended periods of time—less than a 2 minute maximum. 

The primary goal of high-intensity athletes is to improve performance by perfecting technique and increasing speed, strength, and agility. This requires developing muscle memory for optimally performing a sport-specific movement. It also requires increasing the speed and force with which a muscle contracts, optimizing the lean muscle to fat ratio, and raising the anaerobic threshold. Supplying the body with adequate protein is essential for improving the performance of high-intensity athletes, as protein plays a key role in muscular development and fat loss, and may even beneficially influence factors that affect the anaerobic system.

Protein is the primary substrate used by muscle to achieve the optimal physical adaptations that enhance high-intensity performance. Following a strenuous workout, the body is very sensitive to the effects of protein in stimulating muscle synthesis. Eating protein during the post-exercise period promotes the synthesis of new muscle fiber proteins and an increase in contractile muscle proteins, resulting in greater strength and speed (2). 

3. Strength Athletes

Strength athletes share the same goal as high-intensity athletes in improving strength, but they place a particular emphasis on aesthetics, seeking to achieve optimal muscular proportion while maximizing muscle size and definition. 

Because lifting weights primes the muscles for growth, resistance training is the central component in the work-out regimen of the strength athlete. Like high-intensity athletes, strength athletes draw on the anaerobic system to get the energy they need to fuel their grueling resistance workouts. High protein intake has always been a central component of the dietary strategy used by strength athletes, as they have long recognized its value in promoting muscle synthesis. 

In addition, the beneficial effects of protein in promoting fat loss and preserving muscle is extremely important to strength athletes, who desire a particularly high lean muscle to fat ratio in achieving their aesthetic goals. Although all athletes will benefit from using dietary strategies to maximize muscular development and body composition, this is particularly important to strength athletes. 

Timing, Type, and Source of Protein for Any Athlete 

Following intense exercise, the body is very sensitive to the effects of protein in provoking muscle synthesis. Studies suggest that there is an optimal window during which maximal benefits can be derived from eating protein. Most experts agree that protein eaten close to the end of a workout provides the greatest benefit, especially within an hour after finishing exercise. However, some benefit has even shown to be derived up to 2 hours post-exercise (1, 3). 

An optimal amount of protein is needed to maximally stimulate muscle growth. Studies have shown that a dose of about 18 to 40 grams (depending on body weight, age, and workout length and type) is necessary to trigger muscle synthesis, although no greater benefit is derived from consuming amounts above this level in one sitting (2). 

To optimize muscle growth and repair throughout the day, studies suggest that several meals consisting of about 30 grams of protein each should be eaten throughout the day (3).

Whey Protein

Whey protein, derived from milk, is superior to other protein sources for promoting muscle growth and repair. It is absorbed faster than either casein or soy protein and is higher in BCAAs, ultimately leading to greater muscle synthesis (1, 3). In addition, its high leucine content serves as a trigger for muscle growth. Whey is also the most satiating protein, helping achieve fat loss and an improved body composition.

With the numerous advantages conferred by protein, and whey in particular, incorporating this macronutrient into a dietary and training plan will help any athlete get a leg up on the competition:

• Whey is classified as a fast-absorbing protein. It is absorbed faster to maximize peak muscle growth for high-intensity and strength athletes.
• Compared to other protein sources, whey is higher in BCAAs. BCAAs serve as a trigger for muscle growth after resistance training exercise. 
• Whey protein enhances recovery after exercise because it elicits a higher insulin response that speeds up glycogen resynthesis.
• Enhanced recovery from whey protein enables greater training volume to support increased muscle growth or more frequent training.
• Whey protein stimulates greater fat oxidation following a test meal compared to other protein sources like casein or soy.

Although the goals and training techniques used to improve performance varies by athlete, protein has unanimous benefits among all athletes and exercisers of any kind and should be a central component of any good dietary strategy. 

For more information about this topic and other health and wealth related topics use the following websites:

www.facebook.com/health2money

www.isafun.com

www.billionsisagenix.com

www.health2money.com

www.weightlossbydetox.com

References

1. Phillips SM, Van Loon LJ. Dietary protein for athletes: from requirements to optimum adaptation. J Sports Sci 2011;29 Suppl 1:S29-S38.
2. Cribb PJ, Hayes A. Effects of supplement timing and resistance exercise on skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006 Nov;38:1918-25. Doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000233790.08788.3e
3. Phillips SM, Tang JE, Moore DR. The role of milk- and soy-based protein in support of muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein accretion in young and elderly persons. J Am Coll Nut. 2009 Aug;28:343-54.

Optimizing Nutrition for Sports Performance

Athletes are usually so focused on how macronutrients—protein, carbohydrates, fat—affect their performance, but what about bioactive compounds and micronutrients? Can they improve performance? The answer is a resounding “yes!” Ageless Essentials Daily Pack has exactly what you need to take your skills to the next level. Here are seven powerful ingredients in Ageless Essentials that can help you gain a competitive edge:

1. Coenzyme 10 (CoQ10): Coenzyme Q10 (coQ10) is a vitamin-like substance that is essential in generating about 95 percent of the body’s energy. It is also a potent fat-soluble antioxidant. Exercise increases the need for oxygen—10 to 20 times more than the resting state—causing an intensified metabolic process known as oxidative stress. The coping strategies that the body has developed to combat oxidative stress can become maxed out during times of intense physical activity and can lead to tissue damage and inflammation, excess fatigue, and delayed recovery. A study published in the European Journal of Nutrition found that supplements of coQ10 not only decreased oxidative stress but also reduced over-expression of pro-inflammatory genes and reduced levels of creatinine, an indicator of muscle breakdown (1). Although a degree of muscle breakdown stimulates growth, minimizing damage can allow athletes to recover faster and train harder. 

2. Resveratrol: Phenols are compounds naturally produced by plants and are used to protect against pests and pathogens. Resveratrol, a phenol, has exhibits similar protective properties in the human body. Now research has found that, when paired with exercise, resveratrol can enhance strength, metabolism, cardiovascular efficiency and exercise capacity. In this study, rats consuming resveratrol ran longer and faster (2). Additionally, the rats developed stronger leg muscles with an 18 percent strength gain in the calf muscle and 58 percent gain in their tibialis anterior (on the front of the leg) muscle. Even more important for athletes, scientists found that resveratrol’s ability to improve cardiovascular efficiency lead to higher levels of fat burning, increased muscle mass, and improved endurance.

3. Vitamin C: Vitamin C is renowned for quenching free radicals, as well as playing a major role in collagen synthesis, hormone formation, and fat metabolism. The newest skill to add to the vitamin C resume is its ability to act as an ergogenic (exercise-enhancing) aid. In a study conducted at Arizona State University, researchers found that subjects who supplemented with vitamin C had decreased heart rates during exercise and a 10 percent decrease in the perceived difficulty of physical activity compared to the placebo group (3). In addition to decreasing the effects of oxidative stress in athletes, vitamin C supplementation may be able to optimize performance by decreasing the discomfort of high-intensity physical exertion.

4. Fish Oil: Strength training has long been thought to have health benefits, but now research shows that supplementing with fish oil can amplify the benefits of resistance training. A study shows that elderly women taking fish oil who began a strength training regimen had increased neuromuscular responses compared to women who did not take the supplement (4). Fish oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which can alter cell membrane fluidity. This fluidity may affect the uptake of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that triggers the process of muscle contraction. The combination of fish oil and strength training may lead to faster communication between nerves and muscles, and thus faster muscle contraction for athletes. An additional bonus for athletes is the soothing effects of omega-3s to assist with a proper recovery.

5. Vitamin D: Vitamin D deficiency is increasingly recognized as one of the most common health problems in the world today, with athletes being no exception. Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) is a hormone that is essential for bone growth & repair, cell function, management of inflammation, and mineral balance in the body. It can either be consumed through the diet or synthesized in the body when skin is exposed to sunlight; however, evidence is showing that people are not getting adequate amounts. Vitamin D deficiency may make an impact on training quality and injury, and as a result, athletic performance. A study of elderly patients found that supplementation with vitamin D significantly increased the mean diameter of type II muscle fibers (5). The discovery of vitamin D receptors (VDR) on muscle cells provides further evidence that vitamin D plays a significant role in muscle structure and function. Finally, apart from supporting optimal athletic performance, higher vitamin D status has been link to improved overall physical health and muscle function well into old age.

6. Calcium: Getting enough calcium in your diet is so important that your body will actually “rob” calcium from your bones if there is not enough in the blood. Lacking calcium in the diet not only leads to poor bone health, but it can also severely affect nerves and muscles causing weakness, muscle spasms, and muscle pain. Calcium is an integral part in the communication between nerves and muscle cells for muscle contraction to occur. Without sufficient amounts of calcium, muscle weakness will result in decreased athletic performance and discomfort. Athletes most at risk for inadequate dietary calcium intake are those who are involved in weight-control sports such as figure skating and distance running. Additionally, some evidence points to increased calcium losses related to intense endurance training (6). Be sure you’re getting enough.

7. Electrolytes: Ever notice that your skin feels gritty after a workout? That is actually salt that has escaped through your pores. The evaporation of sweat from the skin’s surface assists the body in regulating core temperature. Unfortunately, the side effect of this temperature-regulating mechanism is the loss of essential electrolytes and fluid. According to the National Athletic Trainers’ Association, 1 to 2 percent loss of body weight in sweat begins to compromise physiologic function and negatively influence performance. Greater than 3 percent further disturbs physiologic function and increases the risk of developing cramps or heat exhaustion. Electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium, are important minerals that for regulating the hydration status of the body. It is not only important for athletes to rehydrate but also to replace the electrolytes lost during exercise to perform well and recovery quickly.

The greatest concern when choosing the right supplement is to find a product that is high in quality and supported by science. Isagenix Ageless Essentials Daily Packs are carefully formulated to contain proper nutrients to help you power your workouts—helping you reach athletic goals. Let Isagenix nourish your body so you can focus on preparing to win the gold.

For more information about this topic and other health and wealth related topics use the following websites:

 

www.facebook.com/health2money

www.isafun.com

www.billionsisagenix.com

www.health2money.com

www.weightlossbydetox.com

References

1. Diaz-Castro J, Guisado R, Kajarabille N et al. Coenzyme Q(10) supplementation ameliorates inflammatory signaling and oxidative stress associated with strenuous exercise. Eur J Nutr 2011.
2. Dolinsky VW, Jones KE, Sidhu RS et al. Improvements in skeletal muscle strength and cardiac function induced by resveratrol during exercise training contribute to enhanced exercise performance in rats. J Physiol 2012;590:2783-99.
3. Huck CJ, Johnston CS, Beezhold BL, Swan PD. Vitamin C status and perception of effort during exercise in obese adults adhering to a calorie-reduced diet. Nutrition 2012.
4. Rodacki CL, Rodacki AL, Pereira G et al. Fish-oil supplementation enhances the effects of strength training in elderly women. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;95:428-36.
5. Sato Y, Iwamoto J, Kanoko T, Satoh K. Low-dose vitamin D prevents muscular atrophy and reduces falls and hip fractures in women after stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Cerebrovasc Dis 2005;20:187-92.
6. Dressendorfer RH, Petersen SR, Lovshin SE, Keen CL. Mineral metabolism in male cyclists during high-intensity endurance training. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2002;12:63-72.

Energy and Performance: Start Winning with Smart Nutrition

 Carefully designed nutritional products can lead to significant gains in speed, strength, and endurance in athletes.

It’s that time again… when the world’s finest athletes are gathering for the ultimate competition in athletic prowess—the London 2012 Summer Olympics.

No doubt there have been countless hours of precise training and dedicated effort on the road to the Olympics. But as any Olympian will tell you, his or her performance is highly dependent on getting proper fuel and nutrients.

Scientific research has also shown that carefully designed nutritional products for sports performance can lead to significant gains of speed, strength, and endurance in athletes (1). You don’t have to be an Olympic athlete to gain from smart nutrition for sports performance. This is why Isagenix has put together the Energy and Performance Pak. It’s excellent for anyone who works outs, whether it’s once a week or twice a day, every day.Athletes will have different individual diet needs, of course, dependent on the duration and type of training—think Olympic swimmer Michael Phelps and his 6,000 calories-a-day training diet—but the components of the Energy and Performance Pak offer top-notch nutritional support that can be incorporated into anybody’s regimen.

IsaLean Shake, IsaLean Pro, and IsaLean Bars

By far, the stars of the Energy and Performance Pak are the three IsaLean products: IsaLean Shake, IsaLean Pro, and IsaLean Bars. Ranging from 18 to 35 grams of protein per serving, these offer great-tasting, convenient ways for athletes of any status to fuel their active bodies with the whey protein and other nutrients for muscle and, ultimately, performance gains.

Continually, the scientific literature points to the superiority of whey protein for greater stimulation of muscle protein synthesis (muscle building) compared to other proteins, especially soy (1-5). The timing of protein intake, such as after exercise, also plays a part in maximizing muscle repair and building. One review of protein requirements for athletes advised, “A simple message may be that the earlier after exercise an athlete consumes protein the better” (2).

The beauty of the IsaLean products in the Energy and Performance Pak is that they allow you to load up on protein when you need to, however you need to. Choose between the original IsaLean Shake, a nutrient-packed meal replacement with 24 grams of the highest-quality whey protein, IsaLean Pro, the new protein mega-dose boasting 35 grams, or IsaLean Bars, containing 18 grams of whey protein for on-the-go protein meals or snacks.

Want More Energy?

For any kind of sport, energy stores reign supreme. Ever try to work out or train totally zapped of energy? It doesn’t work too well. Want More Energy? (WME) works to combat fatigue in the body by keeping the body hydrated and supplying lost electrolytes. WME also contains vitamin C, B vitamins, and choline supporting the body’s energy requirements.

Another important part of keeping the body energized are its glycogen stores. Glycogen is a polymer of glucose that’s stored in the liver and muscles. Any endurance athlete knows the value of having adequate glycogen stores to power them through long, exhaustive races or training sessions. This is because glycogen is readily broken down during physical activity, and low glycogen stores can lead to low blood sugar, which may be a significant factor in exercise-induced fatigue.

WME is an ideal drink for exercise—before, during, and after. A recent study found that in comparison to glucose-containing drinks, consuming fructose-containing drinks (such as WME), particularly after exercise, replenishes glycogen stores efficiently and is an effective fuel source for the body (6). The science shows that sports-designed beverages like WME, which provide the body with fructose—less than 8 grams, an amount comparable to eating an apple—can facilitate faster recovery and support endurance during intense and prolonged physical activity.

Isagenix Greens!

It’s widely known that long bouts of aerobic or exhaustive exercise can stimulate the production of free radicals, which can then lead to increased oxidative stress and cause cellular damage. In muscle, this damage presents itself as delayed-onset muscle soreness (when it’s hard to stand up the day after a really hard workout), muscle tissue adaptations, and the eventual decrease in performance.

It may be in athletes’ best interest to counteract the potential for damage and to build up their antioxidant defense systems. A study performed in male and female athletes subjected to strenuous exercise for 30 minutes at 80 percent of their VO2_max  (a measure of respiratory fitness) found that supplementation with vitamins C and E or a vegetable and fruit juice concentrate decreased levels of oxidative stress (7). For this reason, and to be sure that Isagenix athletes have increased antioxidant defenses, Isagenix Greens! is an important part of the Energy and Performance Pak.

Rich in antioxidant-rich components like wheat grass, parsley, shiitake, Brussels sprouts, spirulina, chia seed, and carrot—in addition to vitamins C and E—Isagenix Greens! is sure to lift your antioxidant status, help protect against exercise-induced muscle damage, and improve recovery.

Ageless Essentials Daily Pack 

Speaking of increased antioxidant status, having Ageless Essentials Daily Pack (AEDP) on hand takes it to the next level. Including Essentials for Men or Women, IsaOmega Supreme, Ageless Actives, and C-Lyte, AEDP lets you take care of your entire vitamin, mineral, and antioxidant needs.

Not only do you help boost your antioxidant defenses with Essentials for Men or Women, the broad-spectrum multivitamin, but you also get potent doses of coenzyme Q10, resveratrol, vitamin D, vitamin C, and the fish-derived omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA.

Taking a variety of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants may not seem like a sure-fire way to increase athletic performance, but other than the need for protection as mentioned above and, in addition to immune protection, many nutrients do indeed play a role in athletic performance.

For example, fish-derived omega-3 fatty acids, long known for their heart-health benefits, were found recently to improve muscle function when 2 grams daily were combined with a strength-training regimen (8). Also, B vitamins are absolutely essential for energy production necessary for athletic performance and others, such as folic acid and vitamin B12, are needed to make red blood cells, for protein synthesis, and tissue repair. Finally, adequate folate intake has shown to improve the immune response after exercise (9).

Ionix Supreme

Initially studied in the Soviet Union in the 1940s, adaptogens are specific plants known to increase the body’s ability to “adapt” to stress. It wasn’t until the 1990s that scientists in the United States took note of these natural stress-fighters when former Soviet Union Olympic Coach Ben Tabachnik immigrated to America and revealed that Soviet athletes and cosmonauts had secretly used adaptogenic herbs throughout the 1970s.

It was out of this initial research that Isagenix came up with Ionix Supreme, an adoptogenic tonic that’s deemed “nature’s answer to stress.” A review of adaptogens by Alexander Panossian, Ph.D., found that overall, adaptogens do increase the body’s resistance to stress while also increasing mental performance, attention, and all necessary factors in optimizing one’s athletic performance (10). All things any athlete can benefit from.

There’s more to a top-notch performance each and every time you hit the gym or jogging trail than just previous training sessions and consistent effort. Propelling athletic performance, at any level, is about correct and adequate nutrition. Isagenix has created the Energy and Performance Pak just for you, to support your efforts for optimal performance and a robust immune system while training to be your best.

 References

1. Hottenrott K, Hass E, Kraus M, Neumann G, Steiner M, Knechtle B. A scientific nutrition strategy improves time trial performance by approximately 6% when compared with a self-chosen nutrition strategy in trained cyclists: a randomized cross-over study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2012;37:637-45.
2. Phillips SM, Van Loon LJ. Dietary protein for athletes: from requirements to optimum adaptation. J Sports Sci 2011;29 Suppl 1:S29-S38.
3. Phillips SM, Tang JE, Moore DR. The role of milk- and soy-based protein in support of muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein accretion in young and elderly persons. J Am Coll Nutr 2009;28:343-54.
4. Burd NA, Yang Y, Moore DR, Tang JE, Tarnopolsky MA, Phillips SM. Greater stimulation of myofibrillar protein synthesis with ingestion of whey protein isolate v. micellar casein at rest and after resistance exercise in elderly men. Br J Nutr 2012;1-5.
5. Tang JE, Moore DR, Kujbida GW, Tarnopolsky MA, Phillips SM. Ingestion of whey hydrolysate, casein, or soy protein isolate: effects on mixed muscle protein synthesis at rest and following resistance exercise in young men. J Appl Physiol 2009;107:987-92.
6. Decombaz J, Jentjens R, Ith M et al. Fructose and Galactose Enhance Post-Exercise Human Liver Glycogen Synthesis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011.
7. Bloomer RJ, Goldfarb AH, McKenzie MJ. Oxidative stress response to aerobic exercise: comparison of antioxidant supplements. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006;38:1098-105.
8. Rodacki CL, Rodacki AL, Pereira G et al. Fish-oil supplementation enhances the effects of strength training in elderly women. Am J Clin Nutr 2012.
9. Gravina L, Ruiz F, Diaz E et al. Influence of nutrient intake on antioxidant capacity, muscle damage and white blood cell count in female soccer players. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2012;9:32.
10. Panossian A, Wikman G. Evidence-based efficacy of adaptogens in fatigue, and molecular mechanisms related to their stress-protective activity. Curr Clin Pharmacol 2009;4:198-219